Telautographic apparatus.



G. 'IIFEAY.

TELAUwGRAPmG APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED FBBJM. 1912.

Patented Feb. 23, 1915,

4. SHEETS-'SHEET 1.

G. S. TIFFANY.

TLAUTOGRAPHC APPARATUS.

APPLICATION NLE w12 Patented Feb. 23, 1915,

4 SHEETSWSHEET MYV' G. S. TIFFANY.

TELAUTGRAPHIC APPARATUS MPLlOATIoN FILED rEB.24,1912.

Patented Feb. 23, 1915.

4 SHEBTSWSHEBT 3` G. S. TIFFANY TLAUTOGRAPHIC AIPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED P21124. 1912 1,129,317. Patented 11111.23, 1915.

4 SHEETS-*SHEET 4.

L'i 29AM seit l L12-Elli' und man V prises a transmitter and a. receiver. rEhe transmitter comprises a stylus or handle 3 which is connected by pivotal links 1 with two two-armed pivotally mounted levers 5, the latter carrying roller contacts 6 which with the bars 7 and resistance elements 8 constitute rheostats. As is well understood lateral movements of the transmitter stylus, in Writing, through the rheostats, introduce more or less resistance into the right and left-hand writing lines, thus causing currents of varying strengths from current generator 1 to traverse these circuits and to operate the receiver or receivers in unison with the transmitter. In the unison` position of the transmitting tracer of a station whose master switch has been moved to transmitting position, the roller contacts 6 are at the outer extremities (considered with relation to the source of electric energy) ot' the rheostats 7, 8, so that the maximum amount of resistance is then on the main writing lines, with the result that little, if any, current will then traverse these lines. Each transmitter has a platen switch 9, which as the transmitter stylus or the hand of the operator rests on the writing platen, during writing, is depressed from its normal, spring-raised position, in which it is shown. The receiver comprises a suitable marker 10, hereinafter referred to for convenience as a pen, operating over a platen (not shown) and connected by pivotal arms 11 with pivoted arms 1.2, the movements of which are controlled by coils 13 movable in a. magnetic field represented by the pole pieces 14. The receiver arms 12 may, as usual, be acted on by springs (not shown) tov restore them laterally and the pen to the normal or unison position shown in Fig. 2. The receiver also includes or has associated therewith paper-shifting device or magnet 15 and a pen-lifting device or magnet 16, such as shown and described in my application filed February 24, 1912, Serial Number 679,598. The paper-shifting magnet 15, when energized, operates to advance the paper (not shown) over the platen of the Areceiver through suitable paper-gripping devices 15u moving with the armature ot' the magnet, and the pen-lifting magnet 16, when energized, moves a pen rest 17 away from the arms 11 so as to permit said arms, and with them the receiving pen 10, to more against the paper. When the pen-lifting magnet 1.6 is denergized, its armature is moved away from it by a spring (not shown) so that the pen rest 1,7 will lift the penaway from the writing surface. All these pen-lifting parts, or record interrupting means, may be of known or suitable construction, and it is therefore unnecessary to illustrate and describe them in detail here.

Each station is provided with a master lswitch for cutting its transmitting and receiving instruments into and out of circuit. The switch of the despatchers station (Fig. 1) is designated S, and the switches ot the way-stations S. The switch S of the despatchers station has but two positions, namely, the normal position illustrated in full lines in Fig. 1, which may be termed the receiving position, since then the rcceiver thereof is in and the transmitter thereof is out of circuit, and the shifted position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1, which may be termed its transmitting position, the transmitter then being in circuit and preferably also the receiver. The master switches S of the way-stations have three positions, namely, the normal position shown in Fig. 2, in which both the transmitter and receiver are out of circuit; the second position shown in Fig. 4 which may be termed the receiving position, in which the transmitter is out otE circuit and the receiver in circuit; and the third position shown in Fig. 3, which may be termed the transmitting position, in which the transmitter is in circuit and preferably also the receiver. The receiver ol? the transmitting station (Fig. 1) is preferably always in series with the right and lett-hand wires, whether the master switch S be in the position indicated by full lilies or that indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1.

The master switch S oi the desl'iatcheris station is provided with a contact 18 which in the normal position oi" the switch bridgesl stationary contacts 19 and 2t), thereby closing a shunt in the right-hand line lt. thus in etliect cutting out the right-hand side of the transmitter ot' that station. .lhe switch S is also provided with a similar contact 2l which normally bridges stationary contacts 22 and 23, thereby closing a shunt, so that the left-hand side of said transmitter is eut out of circuit. .Vhen this master switch is moved to the dotted line position indicated in Fig. 1, the contacts 1S and 21 are scparated from the stationary contacts 19, 2() and 22, 23, thereby opening theI shunts and introducing the two sides on the tral'isinittcr into the right and lett-hand 'li-ues.

The master switch S1 of each way-station is provided with siinila r contacts 18a and 21a which cooperate with stzitionary contacts 19, 20Ll and 22, 23a. \Vhen these master switches are in normal position (see Fig 2 these contacts close shunts in theI right and lett-hand lines, which in ell'ect cause the right and mitting and receiving instruments to be out the contact 20, and the contact 22" is longer than the contact 23, so that in the intermediate position ot the master switch Sl of a way-station shown in Fig. 4l, contacts 19a and 22u are still in engagement with switch contacts 18at and 21a, While the connection left-hand sides of both the transof circuit. The contact 19d longer than i back to line or to ground as the case may be. In the left-hand line circuit current from the leftshand line wire L enters the coils of the left-hand rheostat of the transmitter by way ot wire 73, thence by left hand traveling contact 6 and its supporting arm. to wire 74, thence by wire 69 to the lett-hand coil 13 ot the receiver, thence by wires 70 and 61 to relay 51, and thence by wireiS to the outgoing lett-hand line wire or ground as thevcase niay be.

orinaliy no current is traversing the right and lett-hand line circuits. but current is ou the third main line circuit einploying the line wire l); and this third rnain line circuit is employed to open and close the right and lett-hand inain line circuits. At the despatchei"s mation, Fig. 1. this third line circuit is traced as follows: from the positive brush of the generator 1, by wires 26. '29. 75. to relay 31. which it energizes. thereby attracting armature 30 and holding it against its trout stop so as to open the right and lett-hand inain line circuits. by wire 76 to relay 77, through the coil thcrcoi2 to wire 76. thence to contact 79. to a contact 8O on the main switch S. to another stationary contact 8l. and thence to the inain line wire P leading to the neXt way-station. At the waystations. current from the line wire P passes through the coil ot the relay 77 to wires 76a, thence to stationary contact 79, to contact 80a on the master switch Sl. to stationary contact 81a. and thence to line wire P leading to the next station or bv wav of wires SZ and 48 to ground. according as the station is an intermediate wav-station or the last waystation ot the line.

At the despatchers station and each ot the way-stations there is au auxiliary circuit pertaining to this third line circuit and coi'isisting ot wires S9.. S4. connecting with the wires 7S or 76AVL and P ot the third line circuit. wire 3? connecting with the platenoperated switch Sl ot the transmitter and wire Si including a resistance V. Through this auxiliary circuit the raising and lowiering oi the local and distant receiver pens is controlled liv the operator at the station which is transmitting. Tn the normal position ot' the master switch S ot' the despatchers station. and in both the normal and intei'niediate positions of each master switch S* oi a waystation. both stationary contacts 79Aaiid Sl or 79a and 61 are in electrical connection with the contact S0 or 90 on the master switch. so that this auxiliary circuit S3. Si is sliinted out ot the line P. lVhen. however. the master switch S ot' the desnatchers station is moved to the shifted position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1 (or transniitting positionl or the master switch pt a way-station is moved to the third position shown in Fig. 3 (or transmitting position), the connection between contacts 79 and 81 or 79Z1 and 81a is broken, and the auxiliary circuit thus thrown into line I); this auxiliary circuit, and therefore the circuit P, being open, so long as the platen switch 9 remains raised, as it will except when, in writing, the operator depresses it by the pressure of his hand or tracer 3 upon the writing platen.

The breaking ot the inain line circuit P closes the inain line circuits R and L, hecause the deinergization ot relay 31 permits its armature to niove against the back contact, thereby closing the break at this point in the circuit ot which R and L are l anches This is the condition which is presented by the position of the master switch S in Fig. oi' the drawings, and it will he obvious that so long as the platen `switch D reniains in the raised position vinwhich it is shown, the circuit through the. pen-lifting line l will be opened` and the armature 85 ot the relays T7 ot that station and ot' the despatchei"s station (Fig. 1) and incidentally that ot the intermediate waystation (Fig. 2). will rest against their hack stops because ot the denergization ot said relays. Through the armature S5 just referred to a local circuit in the receiver from battery 2 is opened and closed which controls the raising and lowering of the receiving pen, so that. as the transmitting tracer rests upon the platen in writing, or is raised therefrom, the receiving pen will be lowered or raised there'trom, respectively, in like manner. This will be more fully explained a tter the description which will now be given ot the other functions of the third line circuit P,

which in addition to controlling the penlit'ting circuit, also controls signaling bctween stations. locking and releasing ot the master switches at distant stations, and clearing ot the right and lett-hand writing lines.

A signaling circuit is provided at each station comprising tor the despatchei"s station the wire S8 leading trom the battery lock niagnet 1193. wires 90. 91. armature 85 ot relay 77. hack contact 92 thereof. the wire 9B. hell niagnet 94, armature 94, wire 95, back contact 96. arinature 97 ot relay 51, and wire 9S leading hack to the other pole of the battery.

selective signal circuit is provided for each of the way-stations (Figs. 2, 3 and 4) and consists ot wire 88 from the positive pole ot' battery Q. arniature S5, back stop 92, wires 99. 164. signal selecting magnet 163. wires 165. 104. back stop 96. armature 97 of relay 51. and wire 9S. hack to battery Q.

Normally the armatures 97 of relays 51. in the several stations. rest against their back stops, because no current is passing tliri'iugh either of the writing lines R, L, but the a1- sign im;

ivm@

im, mimi hun: i-zit:

\ I wn the magnet mi', iam! 111B 135 maiiimf, iev ih@ mi wwf to return to normal position, this means being operable from Vthe despatchers station. Each of the way-station switches b" is provided with an arm 10sta pivoted thereto and provided with two detent teeth 10.3 and 10G, these teeth being beveled on their adA vancing sides and having abrupt -holding faces on their rear sides, so as to latch by and' lock with the pivoted detent 107, having a detent head beveled on one side and abrupt on the other side. The detent lever 107 is normally pressed forward by a spring 108 against a stop 109. The tooth 105 is longer than the tooth 100. The tooth 105 engages lirst with the head ot the detent 107, and serves to hold the master switch S in the intermediate position shown in Fig. 4, against the tension ot the spring 110, which holds the arm 10'@L against the detent 107, and also serves to restore the master switch to normal position when the switch is released. A stop 111 is provided in rear otthe arm 104s, and the distance between this stop and the arm is such that the arm cannot be swung sutiiciently tar from the detent 107 to enable the tooth 105 to clear the detent head on the detent. The detent 107 will yield, however, in order to permit the tooth 10G to latch by the detent on movement ot the switch S to third position, shown in Fig. The operator at the way-station after moving to such third position can move his master switch back to intermediate position, by inserting the point of his transmitting stylus in the socket 112 in the end of the arm 101, and thereby swinging the arm to the lett sulliciently to disengage the tooth 10G from the head o1' the detent 107; but he cannot in this waiv disengage the tooth 105 from the detent. In other words, the operator can move his master switch from normal to third position or from normal to second and then to third position, and can return his switch from third to second position, but cannot restore it to normal position a liter once shitting it therefrom. lt will be understooiil that the detent 107 is inclosed in the casing ot' the instruments so that it is not aecessil'ile to the operator. rlhe detent 107 may be retiacted so as to clear the long tooth 10o therelrv causing the master switch h" to return to normal position under the action.

ot the spring 110. This releasing of the master switch of a` \va v-stati ni and the restoration to normal position is under the control ot the operator at the despatrhers station. 'l`o this end, a release magnet lill is included in a branch ot the selective naling circuit at each \v:r\,'station, b v means of the wires 1153 and 112i". so that whenever the operator at the despatrhers station operates the rheostat switch it to senil a calling -signal` any master switch at av way station is automatically released and caused to return to normal position, thus clearing the line. Ot course, this action takes place whether the detent 107 is in engagement with either the tooth 105 or the tooth 10G, that is, whether the master switches of the way-stations are either at intermediate or third position. A stop 111l limits the movement ol the arni 1011 to the right under the action of the spring 110. At the despatchcrs station a similar arm 101 is pivoted to the master switch b`, and this arm and the master switch are under the intluenee of a similar spring 110. A stop 114 at the despatchers station limits the movement ot' the arm 1011 to the right under the action otl the spring, and also constitutes an abutment for engagement by the single tooth 115, to hold or loch the master switch b in its shifted position. This lock is releasable by the operator by inserting the point of his transmitting stylus in the socket 112 to swing the arm 10i` to the left.

Means are provided for locking the master switch b" at each way-station against movement either in normal position, with both instruments out ot' circuit, or in intermediate position, that is, with the receiver in circuit, as long as current is on the main writing line. This is to prevent any way-station operator cutting in on a busy line, or to prevent the operator at a way-station receiving the message from the transmitter station from shifting his switch so as to interrupt the reception ot the message. Means are likewise provided tor locking the master switch Si at the despatchens station in normal position with the receiver in circuit and the transmitter out ot' circuit, when current is on the main writing lines, as when a Waystation has shifted its switch to third or transmitting position in. readiness to send a message. to the transmitter station. This locking of the master switches is under the control of left-hand line L alone, and is eifeeted whenever the armature 07 of a relay 51 is attracted against its .l'ront Contact 110.y th-'rebv closing a local circuit, which is traced at a wav-station (Figs. i to l1) tollows: troni battery by wire S8 to wires 117, 11S, through the roil ot locking magnet 11!) to wire 120, to contact 121 on master switch S, to stationary contact 122, wire 123, wire 181, contact 1 lli. armature 37, and by wire 9S bachV to the other side ot the battery. lThe contact- 12'2 is of such length that it is in electrical connection with the switch Contact 112i. in both the normal and iiitern'iediate or receiving positions ot the switch S', but it is separateil l'roni the said (anitart when the master switch S is in third or transmitting position. 1t follows, there-fore, that the locking magnet 119 is energized by current on the left hand writing line, when the master switch S is in either normal or receiving positions, but not when the switch is in if .i i'cspomiing to saisi uw Q hay; n.5 une is fm the writing iv-ivm iii?, it wii im observvd, w switch S against return to f. [1mi iii-a Ai; iutexmelliu-e or receiv aviefiaei' current be un the lineas 'wi be obvious, suitable stopsj El im provided for pevefnting im: mm bil/ing moved in the from normali position andi ,i iiim'euien under the uci; if). At the fesputchers i siiuiim," meal hacking ciz'cui, wvv SS, magnet; 119* (having MU). wir@ 90, wir@ 133, paper yn, Wires 131, 189, from; con- 7' of the riay 51g and e of the battery 2. ved hat the several master aged from the lock 124 or #Imm the kicking detent 107,

5v www at the despatchers iipiis tes the rheostat switch '128 so fh@ 'w :md to send u calling sigfxxie of? w smtions. l

mim mi" shifting the pamel- U' z my gitaton, whenever t e wm'm :ire dosed and when the m", that station is in either ving; pogitifm, At vthe Q icm? circuit for ef.-

"ng' inuiuaes the wire wires 1.83, papw wir-e5 133i, LSSL from; @Qnf' und wir@ 9S back to the This iocrii Circuit closed main line circuit P, is attracted by that rola)v agaiir its front stop 86; but the right and lett-hand main line circuits are ninfinallv broken, so that the relay 51 included in the lett-hand line circuit is deenergized and permits its armature 97 to ref-t against thev 'nach stop 96, thereby opening tho local circuit controlling the penlit'ting magnet 113, so that the receiving pen is held raised vi hen in the normal or unison position ot Fig Vlhen one station is writing' a Ines age to another, the master sivitch ot the sending station bein in transmitting position, as in `Fig. 3, an the master switch ol the receiving station being in receiiing imsition, is the case With the nini-ter u itch of the despatchers station of Fig. l, the master switch, as S", in transmitting position. has opened the main line circuit i at tall". thus deincrgizing the relay 51, as already explained, so as to cause current to llo through thel right and left-hand lines` l and L, thereby causing the relays 51 to attract their armatures 9T against the front stops liti, '.l`hc breaking of this circuit l also deinergizes the relays 77 of the sending and receiving stations, the armatures 85 ot' which are then against their back contacts H2. This condition of the armatures 9T, c ,i coiitinueaA While platen switch 9 remains in the elevated position shown (Fig. il), aufl as the transmitting tracer 3 is moved laterallyy hy the operator, the receiving pen ot' Fig and Fig. 1 Will be mirrespondinglu' moved at a distance from the paper. When, however, thc transmit-A ting tracer is ioivered to Writing position u; on the writing piatcn and the hitter and, with it.` platen ,5h 9, is depressed b v the preis/ure oi' the operators` hand, switch t? will er under contact 14;?, thus closing the, th iii-,f circuit l through the auxiliarv circuit yvii. fil, and the resistancc V which permits tuough current to ilow over line l to enfrg riay Ti, tl armatures; 55 oli ehich Mill thea i their forward contat-fs at?. thus; eli ig the periflit'ting cirl'roni batterie. through pcnli'ting niacin-t.; 1` which will cause rleinession oi pen .ri-ts i? :zwi permit the i wiving pens to fornaci with .he record strips. When the vil-uen relieved troni the pressure i chemicus hazul` the circuit l." of cram hioiwu and also the local peirlifiing circuits'. w that the reciiving pens will be mired hv pen re' i? gffayv from the z'cc-v u'l strips. thm -lay Tcoutrols pen !il`t` n and loveiingr di i.' writing.

lhe hier pcn-iii'iii ycircuit :it ltig. l, inwiiiihnr. the, liatterl' '-viii 51", niaglui n," `j Wl, il: .11i fili mi' xilsiy iront contact v f, manga-t lii, 'wire @iln aires iifi. i551), iront Contact 11G, and aire bach' to the bate.' if. the ict-,al perch Etang circuit at any of cult '1 the Way-stations, Figs. 2, 3 or 4, includes battery 2, wire SS, armature S5 of relay 77, front. contact Sii, wire 140, pen-lifting niagnet 1G, wire lil, wire 135, master switch Contact 135, stationary Contact 122, wire 123, wire 181, front Contact 116, armature 97 of relay 51 and Wire 98, back to the other side oit' the battery. It will be seen that this circuit at a Way-station includes the contacts 135 and 122 on the master switch, which are in electrical connection at intermediate or receiving position and at third or transmitting position, but are disconnected at normal position. Consequently, the local pen-lifting circuit is open at this point at each of the Way-stations when the master switch thereof is in normal position with both instruments out. Therefore, the receiving pen at any station not engaged in sending or receiving a message will not have its receiving pen raised and lowered. In like manner, as already pointed out, the local circuit of the paper-shifting magnet l5 of the receiver of each Way-station includes these same tWo contacts 135 and 1.22, so that the paper will not be advanced at any station not engaged in sending or receiving a message.

The rheostat 36 at the despatchers station is for the purpose of gradually weakening the current in the right and left-hand Writing lines R and L before these circuits are broken, so that in clearing the lines the receiving pens will not be moved to a unison position in a violent manner.

)leans employing the same line circuits are also provided for telephonie communication between the stations. As illustrated, a telephone set is connected across the rightand lett-hand lilies R and L at each station. The primary or transmitter circuit thereof includes a battery 143, transmitter 144, contact liti, receiver arin lli', contact 118, and primary winding 1li) of the induction coil. The secondary c cuit to the distant station utilizes: the right and left-hand lines Rand L. At the sending station this circuit infiudes receiver arm 1i?, wire 1:30, secondary minding Y1.31 of the. induction coil and conn denser 152. At the receiving station it in chulos condenser 1.312, wire 133, ne ,eiver 151', contact l li. and receiver arin 147 The operation ol` the system will now be brieflyr consiilcs'ed.

lt will be remembered that norn'ially no cui-reni is tra\.er;-1iug the right and lefthanil nriting linea lt and L, but that curn rent is ou the lhii'il main line l), and that it is the l'aict ot the full current strength being on the line l' that holdsy the right and lefthaiiil lines open by means of the switch o1 controlli-ii by the circuit i?. YVi'hcn the despatcher desires to call a station he moves the rheostat arni il?) until it opens the switch Q8, which open a ieaii from the generator 1, thereby breaking all three of the main line circuits R, L and P. This results in both relays 51 and '77 at each way-station being denergized, so that the armatures 97 and 85 thereof complete the local selective signaling circuits at the several stations. By opening and closing the switch 28, a predetermined number of times, a signal will be sounded at the desired station. After signaling, the despatcher allows the rheostat arm 35 to return to its normal position under the action of its spring. In answering, the operator at the selected way-station moves his master switch S into its extreme forward position (see Fig. 3). In this position, both the transmitter and the receiver shunts are opened, and, consequently, both instruments are in series with the right and left-hand lines R and L. In this posit-ion of the master switch S, the third main line circuit P is opened at so that the switch relay 31 permits its armature to move against its back stop, thereby closing the right and left-hand line circuits It and L. The master switch S at the despatchers station is still in normal position, that is, with the receiver in and the transmitter out. As the two sides of the transmitter oi' the waystation are now in series with the right and left-hand lines, the strength of current Howing over these lines may be varied by the movements of the transmitting stylus in moving the contact rollers over the rheostats 8, thereby introducing more or less resistance into the two lines. The receiving instrument at this way-station and at the despatchers station being in series with therightand left-hand lines, the variations in the strength of the line currents will cause corresponding movements inl the receiver pens at the two stations. The operator at the way-station now replies by writing his station sign or name, which is recorded on both the way-station receiver and the despatchers receiver, and serves as a heading for that particular order. Having done this, the operator at the way-station moves his master switch S to intermediate or receiving posit-ion, shown in Fig. 4, thus cutting out his transmitter, the receiver remaining in, and the operator at the despatchers station shifts the master switch S to the dotted line position of Fig. 1, thus cutting in the transmitter in addition to the receiver. The operator at the despatchers station now proceeds to write the train order or message, which is recorded on the receiver of the despatchers station and the receiver of the way-station. Pen-lifting and lowering is controlled in the manner already described.

A way-station having once cut in on the writing lines cannot cut out by returning its master switch to normal position. Only the despatcher can disconnect the way-station or clear the line, which he does when his communication is completed. Any calling signal set by the despatchers station automatically clears the line, by releasing the locking devices 107 and 124. When the despatchers station is writing to a way-station or vice-versa, the master switches of all the other way-stations are locked in normal position with their instruments cut out. lVaystation operators can write to the despatcher at any time when the lines are not busy by simply cutting in their stations; but the operator at the despatchers station can at any time interrupt the message and clear the lines by means of the rheostat switch 28. The operator at a way-station, when receiving a message from the despatchers station, the way-station switch S then being in intermediate or receiving position, not only cannot return his switch to normal position, because of the locking device 107, but is also prevented from moving it to transmitting position, by virtue of the locking device 124.

The induction coil I and the interrupter magnet 40 are usedv to produce vibratory induced currents in the right `and left-hand lines ior the purpose of overcoming the friction in the moving parts of the receiving instruments. For this purpose interrupter magnet L10 is included in a circuit from generator 1, consisting of wire 26, switch 28, wire 29, armature 30 of relay 31, wire 33, wire 155 to magnet 40, wire 156, armature 157, contact 158, primary winding 159 of induction coil I, and wire 160 to ground. This circuit is closed, at 3Q, when relay 31 is del energized and current is thereforeon the writing lines, but it is constantly interrupt ed at 158 with the result that vibratory currents are induced in the main writing lines, which vibrate the moving parts in the local and distant receivers, thereby facilitating their movement. A shunt circuit 161 with condenser-162 is provided around magnet 40 to reduce sparking.

The stations may also communicate with each other by means of the telephone connections employing the same lines as the telautograph apparatus. l

' `It is obvious that the selective switches at the way-stations may be operated from the dcspatchers station by the use of a form of interrupting switch arranged to interrupt and lowering means. and a third line circuit controlled by said platen and including means for controlling said pen lifting and lowering means.

The combination of a receiving pen and devices controlling the lateral move ments thereof over itsl writing surface. two line circuits. a transr itter having devices for sending currents ot' varvvi ig .strength through the two line circuits to said pen controlling devices to operate the same, receiving pen lifting and lowering means. and a third line circuit controlled b v the transmitter and in turn controllingr said pen lifting and lowering means.

fl. The combination of a receiving pen and devriecs controlling the lateral Inovements thereof over its writing surface. two line circuits. a transmitter having a transnuttin;r stylus and devices for sending` currents of varying strength througli the two line circuits to said pen controlling devices to op ,rate the same, receiving pen lifting and lowering means, a local circuit for operating said means, and a third line circuit controlled by the transmitter on raising and lowering of t-he transmitter st vlus and in turn controllingT said local circuit.

4.. The combination of a receiving pen and devices'controlling the lateral Inovements thereof over its writing surface. tWo line circuits. a transmitter having a transmitting stvlusand devices for sending currents of var ving strength through the two line circuits to said pen controlling devices to operate the same. receiving een lifting and lowering means. a local circuit for operating said means, a third line circuit controlled b v the transmitter on raising and lowering of the transmitter stvlus, and means Wherebv said local circuit is controlled by the lash named and one of the other line circuits joiutlv.

5. The combination of a receiving pen and devices controlling the lateral movements thereof over its writing sugface, two line circuits. a transmitter having a transmitting stylus and devices for sending currents of varying strength through the two line circuits to said pen controlling devices to operate the same, receivingr pen lifting and lowering means. a local circuit including a source ot electric energy for operating said means. a third line circuit controlled by the transmitter on raising and lowering of the transmitter' stvlus. and relavs in this circuit and in one of the other line circuits which when energized close said local circuit.

6. The combination with the receiver of a telautegraph station, a call device at the station and a local circuit includingT a source of electric energy for operating said device, of two line circuits for operatingr the receiver from the transmitter of a distant station, and a normalljvv closed third line cir cuit controlled by the transmitte r and including means for controlling said local circuit.

7. The combination with the receiving it struinent of a telautograilih station. a call de vice at the station and a local circuit in cluding a source of electric ener-gv for operating the saine. ot right and left hand line circuits 'l'or operating the receivingy instrir nient from a distant station. a third line circuit, and means wlierehv said local circuit is controlled bv the la .st-named circuit and one ol` the other two line circuitsl jointly.

'The combiiuition with ihe rrceiving in strument ot' a. telautogrznih station. a call device at the station and a local circuit including a source el' electric energy tor opating the. same. ot right and loft hand line circuits for operating the receiving instrument from a distant station, a third line circuit. and relavs in the lastvnamed circuit and one oi' the other two line circuits which when deiinergized close said local circuit.

9. The combination with the receiving pen of a telautograph station. a pen-lifting def vice and a local circuit for operating the same, a call device and a local circuit for operating the saine. of the transmitter of a` distant .station vinchuling a trans mitting stylus, two line circuits controlled by said transmitter and in turn eontrolling the receiving pen in its lateral mover ments over its writing surface, a relay in one of these line circuits. another line circuit controlled bv said transmitter on raising and loweringr of the transmitter stylus and a relalv in the last-named circuit, said relays when both energized operating to close the local pen lifting circuit and when both denergized to close the local call circuit.

10. The combination with the receiver of a telautograph station. a call device and a local circuit for operatingr the same, of normally open line circuits for operating said receiver from a distant station. a relay in one of these circuits. a switch adapted to close said line circuits, another line circuit including means for holding said switch open, a relay in the lastmamed circuit, said relays when both deenergized operating to close the local circuit, and a calling switch at the distant station for opening the line circuits containing said relays.

11. The combination with the transmit-I ting and receiving instruments of distant telautograph stations, two normally open line circuits for operating the receiving instruments of one station from the trans mitting instruments of the other and viceversa. a switch adapted to close said line circuits. a third. normally closed line circuit including means Jfor holdin? said switch open, and a switch for changing the courir tion ot' the lastnamed circuit so as to close the nciinallv enen line circuits.

12. The combination with the transmitting and receiving instruments of distant telautograph stations, of two line'circuits for operating said receiving instruments in unison with the transmitting instruments, another line circuit including means nor- Inally holding the other line circuits open, and means for varying the strength of the currents traversing the last named circuit so as to control the opening and closing of the line circuits.

13. The combination with the transmit-` ting instruments, transmitting stylus, receiving pens, and pen lifting alnd lowering devices of distant telautograph stations, two line circuits for operating the receiving pens, from the transmitting instruments, another line circuit normally closed and including means normally holding said two line cir-a cuits open, means at the several stations controlled bythe last-named circuit and in turn controlling said pen lifting and lowering devices, an auxiliary circuit at each station including a resistance, and a switch controlled by the transmitter on raising and lowering of the transmitter stylus to effect pen lifting and lowering and a master switch for introducing said auxiliary circuit in series with the last-named line circuit` said resistance reducing the current in this line so that the other line circuits are closed.

14. The combination with the' receiving pen of a telautograph station, and pen lifting and lowering means therefor, of the transmitter and transmitting stylus of a distant station, two line circuits for operating the receiving pen in unison with the transmitter, another line circuit controlling said pen lifting and lowering means, a switch operated by the transmitter on raising and lowering of the transmitter stylus nto openrandclosethe last-named circuit,

said switch being normally without effect upon said circuit, and a master switch for placing said switch in operative relation to said circuit.

15. In a telautograph system, the combination with a despatchers station, way-stations and line circuits connecting the despatchers and way-stations in series. each station comprising telautographic transmitting and receiving instruments, of master switches at the several stations, the master switch of the despatchers station normally keeping the transmitting instrument thereof out of circuit and the receiving instrument in circuit, and. the master switches at the way-stations normally keeping both instruments thereof out of circuit.

16. In a. telautograph system, the combination with a despatchers station, way-stations and line circuits connecting the despatchers and way-stations in series, each station comprising telautograph transmittingand receiving instruments, of master switches at the several stations the master switch of the despatchers station having two positions, in the normal position the transmitter thereof being out of circuit and the receiver in circuit and in the second position both being in circuit, and the master switch at each way-station having three positions, in the normal positions both instruments being out of circuit, in another position the receiver being in and the transmitter out, and in the third both instruments being in circuit.

l17'. In a telautograph system, the combination with a plurality of stations, each comprising telautographic transmitting and receiving instruments, of line circuits and master switches for connecting the stations, and means for locking the master switches of the bther stations while one station is writing to another.

18. In a telautograph system, the combination with a plurality of stations, each comprising telautographic transmitting and receiving instruments, of line circuits and master switches for connecting the stations, and means for locking the other stations out of circuit and displaying busy signals thereat while one station is writing to another.

19. ln a telautograph system, the combination with a plurality of stations each comprising telautographic transmitting and receivinginstruments, of line circuits, master switches at the several stations for cutting the instruments thereof into and out of circuit, and means whereby when one station is writing to another the switches of the remaining stations are locked with their transmittingr instruments out of circuit.

20. The combination with` the transmitting and receiving instruments of atelautograph station, of line circuits and master switch mechanism in one position of which both instruments are out of circuit and in another position of which the receiving instrument is in circuit and the transmitting instrument is out of circuit, and means for locking the switch mechanism in either of these positions when current is on line.

Q1. The combination with the transmit-- ting and receiving instruments of a telautgraph station, of line circuits and switch mechanism in one position of which both instruments are out of circuit and in another position the receiving instrument is in and the transn'litting instrument out while in a third position the transmitting instrument is in circuit, and means for Ilocking the switch mechanism in either of the first two positions but not in the third while currentj is on line.

22. The combination with the transmitting and receiving instruments of a telautograph station, of line circuits and switch mechanism in one position of which both instruments are out of circuit and in another position the reeeiring instrument is in and the transinittin;y instrument out white in a thiril posiiwn lioth instruments are in rir- =uit. ani? mean@ 'orioeliing; the switch meehanisin in either ot' the iirst two positions hut not in the thiril while current is on line.

The eomhination with the transmitting; unil reeeiring iiU `ruments ot a teiautograph station. oi' master switch ineehanisni in one iur-ation of which l ot`n said instruments are ont oi' circuit and in another position oi' whieh the receiving' inst rumeni'. is in cireuit with a tlistant station. and means .releasahie trom a distant station 'for holdingy the switeh meehanism against movement to the irst-nai'ned position.

The Combination with the transmitting anfl reeeiring' instruments ot a teiautograph station. ot' inain iine circuits. and switrh merlianisin for cutting saiigl instru.- inem"-i in and out ot eireuit. ot means .tor holding' :saiil swteli ineelianisni irrespeetiwe nl rin-rent being on or o'i` the main line eirruit-t. anil means operahle troni :i distant ystation i'or releasing! saiii switeh mechanism.

15. The ton hination with the transmitting' :intl i'eeeing instruments ot' a telautograph station. ot switch i'neehanisin in tho normal positioi. ot which both sani instruments are out ot eireuit anti in another po sition oi whieh the rereh ing instrumentin anal, the transmitting; instrument is out ol :'ii'euit with a distant station. while in a third position hoth instruments are in eirenit with the distant station, and means whereby when the switeh mechanism has heen niowil out of normal position it cannot he ri-itnrnetl thereto hut must he released from :i i'iirtzint station.

rthe i'oinliination with the transmitting unil reeigisinii instruments of a telautogravir station. o.' iine eireuits tor eonnertingf the instrument with :i lli'- .int station. a switrh nirrhzii\1sin for en nl' the insti-noni ot -irenit. :i ezliing eir- Cut. ami means tor musing the. switch mmhanisin to more to a eertain position when ein nt is ou the railing iri'f'uit..v

The iwinihination the transmitting 'intl reri-iriiui iin-'trun'nfnts oll a teli/into- ;jraiih station. o .ne eirenitfs tor ranneeting the instruments with a distant .s iiion. a switeh nirenaii-in for Cutting the instrument-i intr and oui` it circuit. :i `lingn means. :.ni means u'iiereirv the sendit i o i "il 'from a it: nut station e uses mii! swilrn iu r .inisni to assume a position "n tin`r trinitinittiiijf 'in-i rinni-nt ont oi' ufents into intl ith the tra iii- "nents oi' .i teiaiito- ,ji ph station. ot sniteh mechanism for i.

'I the instriiinrnis into and ont of Cire one position oi' which hnth instruments me out of circuit with a dist-inn; staiinn.

naiing means, and means whereby the sending ot a @ailing signai :trom thel distant station causes said switch mechanism to assume this position.

:29. The combination with the transmitting and receiving instruments of different teiautograph stationsr` of line circuits for eonneetingF the stations.I switch mechanisms for cuttingr the instruments ot' the several stations into and out ot circuit, means for signaiing to the stations. and means wherehr the seiniing of a (falling signal autoniaticalli.' clears the line.

S0.' The combination with the transmit ting anti receiving' instruments ot diferent tolaiitograph stations, ot iino circuits tor eonneeting theI stations, switch mechanisms for Cuttingr the instruments of the several stations into anti out ot eireuit, ineans for signaling trom one station to the others, and means wher-eli;T the sending; of a nailing signal automatieal ly muses the switch meehanisms of the other stations to assume a eertain position.

.251. The combination with the transmit.- ting and recoivinff instruments of a telailtograph despatehers stntion and the transmittingr and receiving: instruments of telautograph wav-stations. ot iine, circuits for eonneotingY the stations. means for cutting the instruments of the \\'a \'stations into and our of Circuit, and means for signaling from the riespatehens station to the way-stations :unl sirnuihineoiisi \Y (nearing the line.

iii. 'The Combination with the transmitting' :imi reeelvingf instruments of a telautogratui station. ot in;unmli \v operable switch ineehnnisni at .aiil station for cutting` said instru 'nts in anti ont of circuit with a distant station. anni moans for signaling to the station t'ioin i distant station :iniii raining-'tr saiii f-wiieh nn -iirnisxn to more from one i'wiistiffn. tn another.

The ron .nation with the transmitting' :uni reeeii in ii trinneiits ot a teianto- 'i stwinn. ni inarnniilf.' opirnhle s\\'itoh ninisin :it sani stition 'fi-ir cutting said truiuents imo and out oi circuitwith a i. int stiitien. ni ans for hoidingrV the switch ineeiianisni. and means for siggnniing to the lstatiini 'trom a iiistant station and. `for retingandreceiving instruments of a telautograph station, of manually operable switch mechanism at said station for cutting said instruments into and out of circuit with a distant station, and means operable from a distant station for causing said switch mechanism to assume a position in which both instruments are out of circuit.

36. The combination with the transmitting and receiving instruments of a telautograph station, of manually operable switch mechanism at said station for cutting said instruments into and out of circuit with a distant station, in one position of which both instruments are out of circuit, means for locking the switch mechanism against movement to this position and, means operable from a distant station for releasing the switch mechanism and causing it to move to said position.

37. The combination with the transmitting and receiving instruments of a telautograph station, a manually operable switch at said station for cutting said instruments into and out of circuit with a distant station, means tending to move the switch in one direction,/and means for holding the switch against such movement, of a call device and a circuit for operating the same, and means operated by said circuit for releasing the switch. n

38. The combination With the transmitting and receiving instruments of a telautograph station, a manually operable switch at said station for cutting said instruments into and out of circuit with a distant station, of a step-by-step call device and a cir,- cuit for operating the same, and means controlled by the arrival of the call device at a predetermined position for moving the switch from one position to another.

39. The combination with the transmitting and receiving instruments ot a telautograph station, two line circuits for connect-- ing said instruments with a distant station, and a master switch for cutting said instruments into and out of circuit, of a third line circuit, and means controlled thereby and in turn controlling said switch.

40. The combination with the transmitting and receiving instruments ot a telautograph station, main line circuits for connecting the same with a distant station, and a switch for cutting said instruments into and out of circuit, of means for controlling said switch, a call device, a local circuit for operating said means and said call device, a third line circuit, and means whereby said local circuit is controlled by the last-named line circuit and one of the other line circuits.

41. The combination with the transmitting and receiving instruments ot a telautograph station, of main line circuits for connectin the same with a distant station, a third line circuit, and a local circuit including a battery controlled by the last-named line circuit and one of the other line circuits jointly.

42. The combination with the transmitting and receiving instruments of a telautograph station, main line circuits for connecting the same with a distant station, and a. switch for cutting sai-d instruments into and out of circuit, of means for controlling said switch, a local circuit for operating said means, a third line circuit, relays whereby said local circuit is controlled by the lastnamed line circuitand one of the other line circuits, and a switch at a distant station controlling these two line circuits so as to close and open said local circuit.

43. The combination with the transmitting and receiving instruments of a telautograph station, of main line circuits for connecting the same with a distant station, a master switch in one position of which both instruments are out of circuit, in an intermediate position of which the receiving instrument is in and the transmitting instrument out of circuit, and in a third position of which the transmitting instrument is in circuit, detent means for holding said switch at either of its shifted positions, said means permitting said switch to latch by from intermediate to third position and being releasable by the operator at the station to permit the switch to return to intermediate but not to .first position, means operable from a distant station for releasing the switch from said detent to return to first position, and a lock operated when current is on the main line circuits to lock the switch against movement in either shifted position 44. The combination with the transmitting and receiving instruments of a teiautograph station, of two main line circuits for connecting the same with a distant station, another circuit including means for making and breaking the main line circuits, and a switch for cutting said instruments into and out et circuit, said switch operating also to close and open the main line circuits by controlling the last-named circuit.

45. The combination Vwith the transmit-- ting and receiving instruments ut a. i'elautograph station, of two :nain line circuits for ronnectiug the same with a distant station, another circuit including means for making and breaking the main. line circuits., and a switch for cutting said instruments into and out of circuit, said switch operating also to rinse and open tbe main linccircuits by controlling the last-named circuit. the relation of the switch and circuits being such that in one position both instruments are out of circuit and in another position the receiving instrument is in and the transmitting instrunient out, in both of these positions the condition of the third circuit being such that the main line circuits are broken, while in :i third iiofitiiin tlic transmitting; instrument is in, thi: Condition of flic tliii'd circuit, be,-

ing such tliii tlm in: n liiiii cirfzuits am closed. 4G. The comliiinution with tlm transmitting and iacuiving instiiiinen'tg of ii toliiiitograph, of tivo iniiin line circuit@I for minne#- iiig the sain@ with :i distiint station, @inotliiei' ciricuit including' maf ns for ln'ixikingt'li` niiiin limil Sii-cuits wncn ifiiil mirri-,nt strength is passing thiiiiigli it, :i lnnstizi :switch for (cnt.- nini;r said in@l i'iiiiiiint@v into sind out nf cli-unir. and nic-uis ii'liifrebi' said ssi'iticli mits resist;- aince into :intl mit (if the tliiiil circuit to mins-:e the lzittiii to niiili zuil brezil: the. iniiin lino circuits.

47, 'Vl c Ciiiiiliinziliiin iiili tlm i'iiingiiiitting?, :mi2 ici iiiz'f insi'iiiniiig-i tif tulfiiitogl'iil'lli; 0lE :i er siiiii'li. in lli@ iiiii'nuil position @i ivliili buil insti-unioni :ii-ii mitr of ciriiit wit"i i. i, distant station. unil in :in- Otiliei' position nl' iiliiCli ihn tiiinriiiiittiii iii Circuit. iiliiu in ,i tliiiil iin/sittin tlie. tiziif-J- mitte? mit and thi; i'igiziiiui' iii iiciiiti5 and datent, nieiiiif; tin` liiilii'iiif Lliii Snitch in its two shifted giiisitonfi, rait-l ilfent iiiogiiis bis ing' ieleiiniila iii* illu opcititiii' zit tlm tgitiioii to permit ilmsiii..i;li 'mi imm-g tit-fini onu filiificii positin to tliv iitliii but niet to lieti m to nm# miil positieiii und :minus iiiiti'zililn iiiiii ii distant sitaitiaiii tu i'ffliui-:c siiiil vtt-nt niwins lzi ilmtiiiiianiit,

, ivi' emilie iig ii, min-tei' -in'iifiit5 ii'itn in-'il station, ii impar 

